Liposuction is the procedure of removing subcutaneous fat tissue with the help of various surgical instruments. This operation, performed using vacuum systems with negative pressure, has significant effects on the individual.
The most important effect of the liposuction procedure is the loss of weight due to the removal of excess fat from the abdominal area. Known also as fat removal, this method is preferred for weight loss and achieving an aesthetic appearance.
Unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles can lead to the formation of localized fat, which can be bothersome. Abdominal fat, which affects both health and physical appearance, is eliminated with this aesthetic surgical method.
Areas where liposuction is applied:
Thigh
Arm
Hip
Breast and chest
Neck, chin, and cheeks
Calf and inner knee
Abdominal area
What is Liposuction Surgery? How is it Done?
Liposuction, commonly known as fat removal, is an aesthetic procedure used for body contouring and weight loss. Fat accumulation in the abdominal area due to various reasons can cause physical and mental discomfort. Although it is not a definitive solution for weight loss, maintaining diet and physical activity post-surgery can help preserve the achieved physique.
The liposuction operation consists of the pre-operative (pre-op) period, the surgery itself, and the post-operative (post-op) period. The technique and types of the operation are the determining factors of the surgery’s course. Liposuction surgery techniques and methods include:
Suction Assisted Liposuction (SAL): A mixture solution is injected into the area where fat will be removed. Then, small incisions are made, and a vacuum is performed through cannulas appropriate for the incision size. This procedure is performed under general or local anesthesia.
Ultrasound-Assisted Liposuction (UAL): This technological fat melting method uses ultrasonic sound waves to target the fat cells. Surrounding tissues are not affected, making the application and operation process simple.
Water Assisted Liposuction (WAL): In this technique, water is injected into the area to create a slurry, which is then suctioned with a cannula.
Power Assisted Liposuction (PAL): Used for large areas of fat tissue, this method uses special cannulas to suction the fat.
Radio Frequency Assisted Liposuction (RFAL): This technique provides skin tightening. While the suction is performed with vacuum, the lower part is softened and tightened with a laser.
The surgery lasts between 1 to 3 hours on average. Performing all pre-op procedures reduces the rate of existing risks. The area to be contoured is marked by the doctor before entering surgery. The amount of fat to be removed is also determined in the pre-op period. The surgery begins with general or local anesthesia. Incisions or cuts are made to vacuum the fat. After the necessary drainage is provided, sutures are made.
While liposuction is generally applied to the abdominal area, it can also be successfully applied to other body parts. For example, underarm fat is a common area where liposuction is performed.
How Much Fat Can Be Removed with Liposuction?
A significant amount of fat can be removed in one session. However, for health reasons, the amount that can be removed in one session is limited to 2.5-4 liters.
The amount of fat to be removed is determined during the examination and preparation period. If it will be performed in multiple sessions, these will be planned by the doctor. Like any surgical procedure, this one also carries risks, including:
Risks associated with anesthesia
Edema
Blood or fluid accumulation under the skin
Skin discoloration
Asymmetry
Infection
Respiratory and cardiovascular complications
Changes in skin sensation
Possible Side Effects of Surgery
Liposuction surgery, being a surgical procedure, has side effects which can be categorized into three stages.
Complications during surgery:
Shock
Nerve damage
Complications related to anesthesia
Effects on other organs
Sudden complications after surgery:
Blood clots or fluid accumulation in the lungs
Infection
Fat embolism
Hematoma
Seroma
Tissue necrosis
Reactions to medications and death
Complications during the healing process:
Scar tissue
Irregularities in general appearance
Infection
Skin discoloration
Fluid imbalance
Which Areas Can Be Treated with Liposuction?
While liposuction is commonly known for the abdominal area, it can be performed on many body parts. The procedure is planned based on the individual’s fat percentage, fat area, and general health status. For example, if a person is uncomfortable with the fat on their upper legs and has difficulty with clothing, liposuction can be performed in that area.
Body areas where liposuction is performed:
Hip
Abdomen
Buttocks
Inner thigh
Inner knee
Arms
Thighs
Chin, neck
Breast and chest area
Methods Used in Surgery
Liposuction surgery is performed using various techniques and methods. After deciding to have surgery, the patient is examined by the doctor. Complaints and requests are communicated during the initial consultation. The general health status is evaluated, and a plan for the procedure area and process is made. The technique used in the surgery is determined based on the individual’s body structure and may be offered as an option to the patient.
Liposuction techniques:
Suction Assisted Liposuction (SAL)
Ultrasound Assisted Liposuction (UAL)
Water Assisted Liposuction (WAL)
Power Assisted Liposuction (PAL)
Radio Frequency Assisted Liposuction (RFAL)
The technique to be used for liposuction is decided during the pre-op period. Then, other pre-surgery preparations are made. The individual’s general health status shapes the pre-op period. Chronic illnesses, medications, and general conditions are factors that affect the entire procedure.
Thus, taking a detailed medical history before the fat removal surgery is crucial. The individual requesting the surgery must answer all questions accurately and without omission. Additionally, the individual must meet the conditions for surgery and be at least 18 years old.
Post-Surgery Recovery Process
Liposuction surgery is examined in three periods. The post-surgery and recovery process is a matter of curiosity. After the surgery, the patient needs to be monitored in the hospital for the first 24 hours. If no issues are observed, discharge will be planned.
Pain management in the post-surgery period is important. The body undergoes significant physical changes, with pain especially prominent in the first week. Proper pain management will ensure this process is smooth. Additionally, attention must be paid to the use of bandages. The bandages applied after surgery should be used for about four weeks.
It is important to follow the doctor’s recommendations in the post-op period. Monitoring is crucial to ensure a smooth recovery. Any complications should be reported, and actions should be taken accordingly. The patient can return to personal life within 3-5 days and to work within a month. Sufficient physical activity positively impacts the recovery process.
Who Can Have Liposuction Surgery?
Liposuction is a surgical procedure with associated risks. Certain conditions must be met for this surgical procedure. These include:
Being at least 18 years old
Not smoking
Not having a serious chronic illness (individuals with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, or kidney diseases).
